Cilmi-baaristu waxay muujinaysaa in ka-qaybgalka waalidka iyo qoysku uu yahay qayb muhiim ah oo gacan ka geysata guusha ardayda ee waxbarashada guud ahaan (Henderson 1988) iyo gaar ahaan akhriska (Postlethwaite & Ross 1992).
Cilmi-baaristu waxay sidoo kale muujinaysaa in ardayda ugu akhriska badan ay si fiican ugu fiican yihiin dugsiga.
Kala hadal ilmahaaga dhammaan siyaabaha wax akhriska loo isticmaalo nolosha.
Carruurtaada u samee akhrinta wakhtiga firaaqada. U ogolow inay arkaan inaad ku raaxaysato akhrinta. Ka hadal waxyaabaha fiican ee aad akhrinayso ama aad akhriday.
Kor ugu akhri ilmahaaga. "A Read Aloud waxay ardayda siisaa fursad ay ku 'fiiriyaan gudaha' akhrinta khabiir oo ay fahmaan in, marka hore iyo ugu muhiimsan, akhrisku yahay luuqad oo ay tahay inuu u dhawaaqo sida! Akhriska afka ah ee macallimiinta ama waalidiinta ayaa noqda qaabka ay ardaydu ku dadaalaan inay gaaraan." Ku dar riwaayad abuuraysa codad kala duwan jilayaasha, si weyn u jooji, oo kala duwan codka, mugga, weedha iyo heerka (Opitz, M, 1998. Nabad gelyo wareegsan robin . Portsmouth: Heinemann Publishers, p. 49.)
La wadaag buug. Akhrinta dhinac-dhinac ah waxaa loo maarayn karaa siyaabo badan laakiin had iyo jeer waa faa'iido. Waxaad akhridaa bog, ilmahaaguna wuxuu akhriyaa bog. Isla waqtigaas wax akhri (akhriska nooca heesaha) oo tilmaamaya ereyada marka la akhrinayo (cilmi-baaris uu sameeyay Topping sanadkii 1987 ayaa muujisay in fahamka iyo aqoonsiga ereyada labaduba ay si la yaab leh u kordheen marka carruurtu si joogto ah ula akhriyaan waalidiinta, (Opitz, M, 1998. Nabad gelyo robin . Portsmouth: Heinemann Publishers, p. 52.)
Markaad wax wada akhridaan, weydii su'aalo intaad socotaan (maxaad u malaynaysaa inay dhici doonto marka xigta; tani waxay i xasuusinaysaa waqti, iwm.).
Cilmi-baaris ayaa muujinaysa in ardayda wax akhriya ugu yaraan 20 daqiiqo maalintii dugsiga dibaddiisa ay si fiican uga shaqayn doonaan dugsiga. U ogolow ilmahaaga inuu seexdo 15 daqiiqo ka dib haddii uu/ay wax akhriyo. Ma dareemayo inuu wax akhriyo? Dhib malahan, wakhtiga jiifka waa wakhtiga caadiga ah.
Booqashooyinka joogtada ah ee maktabadda. Baadh dhammaan waxa aad heli karto si aad bilaash ugu isticmaasho!
Ka caawi ilmahaaga inuu helo buugaag la jaanqaadaya danahooda. Maktabad-yaqaannada maktabadda dadweynaha iyo/ama maktabadda dugsiga waa jawharad qaali ah oo loogu talagalay macluumaadkan. Weydiiso buugaag ku salaysan danaha ilmahaaga.
U ogolow ilmahaaga inuu buugaag ka iibsado dalabaadka buugaagta dugsiga (ka jaban marka loo eego buug ama xitaa dukaan qiimo jaban). U oggolaanshaha carruurtu inay bilaabaan maktabad yar waxay ilmahaaga u muujinaysaa in buugaagta la qiimeeyo.
Hab fiican oo lagu hagaajin karo kalsoonida iyo hufnaanta ilmahaaga (simanaanshaha iyo xawaaraha akhriska) waa inaad ku celceliso akhrinta buug marar badan. Cilmi-baaristu waxay taageertaa akhrinta soo noqnoqda inay tahay hab aad waxtar u leh oo lagu hagaajinayo akhriska. Tus ilmahaaga sida weedha iyo muujinta ay u caawiyaan macnaha. Ku dhiirigeli ilmahaaga inuu wax kuu akhriyo adiga iyo/ama walaalaha.
Ilmahaaga duub isagoo akhrinaya oo ha dhegeysto isaga/iyada. Ma u egtahay in hooyo ama aabbe ay akhrin karaan? Maxay samayn karaan si ay u horumariyaan? (Si joogto ah u ku celceli)
Ilmahaagu ha haysto xusuus-qor akhris, isagoo taxaya buugaag marka uu/ay dhammaystirayo. Ama, samee jaantus midabaysan kara. Muuqaalladu waa qalab aad u fiican oo carruurtu "aragto" horumarka. Xusuusi carruurtaada inay noqdaan kuwo caqli badan marka ay wax badan akhriyaan.
Ka caawi ilmahaaga inuu doorto buug "sax ah". "Si sax ah" macnaheedu waa in buuggu lagu akhrin karo qiyaas ahaan 95% sax ah. Macnaha madadaalada, buugaagtu waa inay ahaadaan "si sax ah" si loo hubiyo in ilmahaagu uu guuleysan doono oo uu ku raaxaysan doono akhrinta (buugaag aad u adag ayaa loo qoondeyn karaa waqtiga waxbarashada dugsiga). Isticmaal imtixaanka 5-ta farood. Marka uu/ay akhrinayo bog, hal far u dhig eray kasta oo aysan/uusan aqoon. Haddii ay tani ku dhacdo hal bog, aad bay u adag tahay. Digniin: imtixaankan 5-ta farood ah wuxuu muujin doonaa 95% sax ah oo leh 100 eray. Waxa la xasuusto waa haddii ilmuhu dhib ku qabo, waxaa ugu wanaagsan in loo daayo ujeeddooyin waxbarasho hadhow (90-94% waa tilmaamaha buugaagta waxbarashada ee dugsiga).
Kala hadal carruurtaada waxa ay akhrinayaan. Maxay u jeclaayeen waxa ay akhriyaan?
